Inlägg av Esther

NEWS FROM BRUSSELS: GM potatoes can be grown in EU.

The European Commission yesterday approved a genetically modified potato to be grown in the EU.
This is only the second GM product that has been allowed to be grown commercially here. The first, Monsanto’s MON 810 maize, was cleared back in 1998.
The potato is approved for industrial use only. It has been designed by the German company BASF for special properties of its starch.
There has of course been an outcry from environmentalists, as well as several MEPs and European leaders. However a statement from the Commission insisting that its decision was based on ”a considerable volume of sound science” sounded very confident, so perhaps we can look forward to a lively and evenly matched debate.
In past, voices expressing concern about the environment, biodiversity and cross-pollination have tended to be heard more than those focusing on developments which can reduce water and energy shortages and pesticide use, and in many poorer countries tackle some problems concerning malnutrition.
The news had not reached the front pages yet. I hope it will and that we see a proper informed debate about GM crops.

Read the full story at:

http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/2010/03/commission-approves-gm-potato-variety/67287.aspx

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8545503.stm

Misunderstood pet research causes outcry!

 Cat owners are more likely to have a degree than dog owners, according to new research by the Department of Clinical Veterinary Science at Bristol University, UK.

Some headline writers have translated this as “Cat owners more intelligent than dog owners”.

As a goldfish owner myself, I will not take sides. But widely reported in the British press, the research has attracted a high volume of comments from the public.

These comments can be essentially summarised by the following:

Why have they done this pointless research?

Answer: The aim of the research was to find out about pet ownership in order for e.g. animal rescue organisations to plan effectively.

Why have we as tax payers paid for it?

 Answer: we haven’t! The researcher is funded by the charity Cats Protection. Interestingly this fact was not mentioned in the press or on the charity’s website.

Why is having a degree relevant? It does not mean greater intelligence?

Answer: The researchers did not mention intelligence. The research was aiming to understand what sort of people own dogs and cats in the UK.

 So although this headline attracts attention, the comments show many people have misunderstood the aims and conclusions of the study, and the article has not done much to enhance the reputation of researchers. Clearly a lot of people must support the charity Cats Protection if they can afford to fund research. Perhaps this aspect may have won more sympathy. I wonder why it was not mentioned…?

 Link to the University of Bristol

 http://www.vetschool.bris.ac.uk/

 Links to the media coverage:

 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7165164/Cat-owners-more-educated-than-dog-owners.html

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/article7017260.ece

 http://newsforums.bbc.co.uk/nol/thread.jspa?forumID=7481&start=270&edition=2&ttl=20100216134718

350 years of the Royal Society

The Royal Society celebrates its 350th anniversary this year. And it is inviting the whole of society – not just its elite scientists – to celebrate too. Here are just a few ways the RS is celebrating with the wider community….

Local heroes

No need to chase all the way down to London to hear a lecture about Newton! The RS is organising over 70 events across the UK celebrating local scientific heroes. For example, already running in Northern England

 No flies on him: the multi talented Professor Newstead, zoologist, taxidermist and excavator of Roman Chester
Grosvenor Museum, Chester

Seeker in the Universe
Exhibition about local astronomer, Arthur Eddington
Kendal Museum, Cumbria

Poetry

The RS is celebrating its anniversary by publishing 6 poems on the subject of science through “poetry on the underground”, where poems are printed on posters on the London underground trains.

Read them all at http://seefurther.org/assets/13/poems_on_the_underground.pdf

Access for all

The RS is putting 60 of its research papers on line for everyone to read, enjoy and study. Through its wonderful “trailblazing” page, you are guided through the last 350 years of scientific discovery with the original papers online for you to browse as well as more up to date explanations of some major events and milestones. There is for example a description of a 17th century blood transfusion, Newton’s showing white light is a mixture of other colours, and a 1970 paper on Black Holes by Stephen Hawking.

http://trailblazing.royalsociety.org/

Seeing further

They have published a book called ”Seeing Further”, edited and introduced not by a top scientist but by Bill Bryson. About the RS and its history it feature contributions from a range of well-known authors and scientists such as Margaret Atwood and Richard Dawkins. I have ordered a copy so will be able to give my verdict in a week or two…

http://seefurther.org/books

Read more about the RS at http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/

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12 years on, MMR scare story is quietly declared to be false.

Back in 1998, the media was dominated by the “news” that the MMR vaccine can cause bowel disease and autism.
The result was panic and a steep drop in the number of vaccinations and a dramatic rise in the incidence of measles.
The story has resurfaced numerous times over the years with each new “development” generally making the front pages.
So it was with some surprise whilst browsing the BBC news website, I found tucked away in the Health news section, a short article announcing the Lancet (who originally published the paper) has finally accepted the research findings to be false.
Finally? Has it taken this generally esteemed journal all this time to reach this decision? And I see they are not trumpeting this particular news story from the roof tops.
It seems “Scare story not true” is not a headline thought to be of much interest to the public.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8493753.stm

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Is it time we had another man on the moon?

It is forty years since the first moon landing, and over here in the UK, we are being treated to a whole host of programmes, articles and interviews about that great event forty years ago.

And one debate that is heating up this week is whether we should be sending more people into space. British Astronaut Helen Sharman has given a rare interview in this week´s Daily Telegraph in which she calls for the government to start funding human space travel again. Dr Sharman accuses the government of being too interested in short term gains. She describes how everyone from tiny children to pensioners are fascinated by space travel, and how seeing more manned space travel would inspire Britons to be interested in science, and to be proud of what we can achieve scientifically and technologically.

I think she is right – the public excitement and interest that manned space travel inspires is incredible and must surely justify the (admittedly huge) cost to the taxpayer. A colleague of mine, who must now be nearly 60, once told me how disappointing it was that the future he’d anticipated as a boy had never materialised. He had imagined by the time he was grown up we would all be living in space and zooming around in rockets. The moon landings however did inspire him to become a physicist. Otherwise (he jokes) he may have ended up as an accountant!

But perhaps in today´s political climate, the focus should be on the European Space Agency. A EU-crew could also create a feeling of EU solidarity that the politicians are all striving for…..

Link to the article:

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/scienceandtechnology/science/space/5760717/Helen-Sharman-the-British-astronaut-who-flew-the-flag.html

Honesty Lab

I have just taken part in an on-line experiment into honesty. Or rather dishonesty.

The British Science Association (www.britishscienceassociation.org) is running Honesty Lab – an international study to explore public concepts of honesty.

Perhaps things are different in Sweden, but here in the UK determining “dishonesty” is an essential part of criminal law. In cases involving theft, burglary, fraud etc, the defendant is judged on whether a person behaves counter to normally accepted “honest” behaviour. And whether they were aware they were acting dishonestly.

The assumption is that normal, law abiding people have a united concept of what is and isn´t honest. But is this true? Noone, apparently, has researched this. But the honesty lab hopes to through this online survey.

The “experiment” which takes five or ten minutes, asks you to answer questions on 5 short video clips of people doing a spectrum of dishonest things. In each case, you are asked, would you do this? Is it dishonest? Would you send this person to prison?

The results could be very interesting, particularly if they show variation between countries, or indeed gender, age groups, or other social factors.

It´s also interesting way to while away your tea break, if you have a spare ten minutes, and may make you think twice before borrowing your colleagues tea-bags without asking……

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Angels and Demons: the new film starring CERN

Angels and Demons, the film of the book of Dan Brown´s sequel to the Da Vinci code, will soon be at a cinema near all of us. And CERN, the European Organisation for Nuclear Research, is playing a starring role.

Angels and Demons is a detective story about a secret society that wants to destroy the Vatican using an antimatter bomb. The anti-matter for this bomb is stolen from CERN. This has lead to a unprecented demand for information about CERN and its research, such that CERN has set up a website dedicated to answering explaining the science (and the science-fiction) behind the story.

It´s a very entertaining site – have a look! http://angelsanddemons.cern.ch/

There are photos of Tom Hanks and other Hollywood stars enjoying a tour of the site, trying to understand how a particle acclerator works.

On the main CERN site, there is also a great section which answers the FAQs the public have asked following the book.

http://public.web.cern.ch/Public/en/Spotlight/SpotlightAandD-en.html

Here are couple of parts that I would like to share with you.

Q: Can we make antimatter bombs?
No. It would take billions of years to produce enough antimatter for a bomb having the same destructiveness as ‘typical’ hydrogen bombs, of which there exist more than ten thousand already.
Sociological note: scientists realized that the atom bomb was a real possibility many years before one was actually built and exploded, and then the public was totally surprised and amazed. On the other hand, the public somehow anticipates the antimatter bomb, but we have known for a long time that it cannot be realized in practice.


Q: Why has antimatter received no media attention?
It has received a lot of media attention, but usually in the scientific press. Also, antimatter is not ‘new’. Antiparticles have been known and studied for 75 years. What is new is the possibility to produce anti-hydrogen atoms, but this is also mainly a matter of scientific interest.


Q:Do you make antimatter as described in the book?
No. The production and storage of antimatter at CERN is not at all as described in the book: you cannot stand next to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and see it come out, especially since the LHC accelerator is not yet in operation.


Q:Does CERN own an X-33 spaceplane?
Unfortunately not.

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The biggest public engagement programme ever?

Did you know that 2009 is International Year of Astronomy? If not, you are missing out on possibly the biggest public engagement event the universe has ever seen!

Astronomers – professional and  amateur- in 140 countries are marking 400 years since Galileo first viewed the universe through a telescope in spectacular fashion.

102 of these countries have their own website which all appear to be brimful of star-gazing, sun-gazing, star parties, dark sky events, parties, talks, walks and black hole science cafes.

I have been amazed by the sheer number of events. I did a quick search for events in my local area and discovered a star-gazing events in Chamber Farm Wood, a Star Party and BBQ at Kerridge Cricket Club and an exhibition on Portaits of Astronomers at a local art gallery. And that´s just this month!

 But it is certainly not just the odd eccentric Brit looking at the stars. This celebration is truly global! The Canadians are hoping to give 1 million people a ”Galileo moment” this year (defined as an ”engaging astronomy event”), in South Africa they have been organising daylight telescope sessions so even more people get to try out the telecopes. In Trinidad and Tobago there are several star gazing beach parties organised. The Iranian and Japanese sites looked interesting but unfortunately were incomprehensible to me!

As well as local events, IYA2009 has 11 worldwide cornerstone events . In April there was a ”100 hours of astronomy” event where as many people as possible were encouraged to look at the night sky. A similar event, Galilean Nights, is to held on the 23rd-24th October, where astronomers will take to the streets with their telecopes to persuade shoppers and passers by to look at the wonder of Jupiter and its moons, just as Galileo did all those years ago.

I could go on, but instead I will just encourage you to take a look. It really is very impressive. And refreshing to see people engaging with science for its own sake. After all astronomy will never cure cancer or rejuvenate the economy. But people seem to have embraced a bit of stargazing the world over.

Main international site. www.iya2009.org

Swedish site. http://www.astronomi2009.se/

It´s not often I find that almost all my friends and family are interested in the finer points of scientific research , but the recent story that an Anti-Wrinkle cream really does work has got everyone talking.

Scientists at Manchester University carried out tests on an anti-wrinkle cream manufactured by Boots (a big high street chemists chain here in the UK). They concluded that yes! it does work. Although perhaps not as well as the headlines would have you believe – the study showed that about one in five people using this cream would see a reduction in their wrinkles.

This news story has been headline news over here, and has also prompted questions relating to trust and researchers. In particular, since the company Boots funded this research, people have been discussing the whole question of independent research and science funding.

Read the full story at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8022644.stm

Boom in Science journalism in Germany

A recent report from The Technical University in Dortmund shows that there has been a huge boom in science reporting in the mass media in Germany. And interestingly the reporting has not been limited to the Science sections.
An analysis of three nationwide German newspapers has shown an increase of a whopping 48% between 2003-4 and 2006-7. Outside the science sections, the number of articles about science medicince and technology have more than doubled in this period.
There was a particularly high increase in the number of environmental stories, but of course the most popular subject is medicine.
The study also reveals that the ”trigger” for 40% of science stories were not science journals or conferences, but non-scientific events such as political debates or natural disasters.
And as if this wasn´t enough good news, the study also says that most reporting about scientific issues was positive and often uncritical, although different subjects – for instance science politics or the environment – get treated differently.
What can we learn from the Germans on this? Perhaps just to believe like these editors at these three important broadsheets that science can and does sell newspapers!
· Reference:
Christina Elmer, Franziska Badenschier, Holger Wormer, ”Science for Everybody? How the Coverage of Research Issues in German Newspapers Has Increased Dramatically,” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, Vol. 85, No.4, 878-893.

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